ITIL Processes and Practices in ITIL V4

ITIL®, or Information Technology Infrastructure Library, is an IT service management (ITSM) framework that aligns IT services with business needs. It helps companies lower IT operating costs and raise service levels, aiming to improve business efficiency while providing high-quality service. Developed by AXELOS and released in 2019, ITIL 4 provides best practices and techniques for selecting, planning, delivering, and maintaining IT services. Professionals aiming for the ITIL 4 Foundation Certification must thoroughly understand the ITIL processes list and framework. ITIL's five revised books cover these processes and stages comprehensively.

ITIL Processes and Stages

ITIL is an ITSM framework is used by many renowned big corporates. This IT Governance Framework is made up of a variety of processes, all of which are adaptable, scalable, and customizable. These processes have a series of activities that have specific inputs, triggers, and outputs. Various ITIL® processes and the concepts that underpin them are explained in this article. The ITIL processes framework is composed of 34 processes organized into three management phases. Let’s study each stage of the ITIL processes v4 framework in greater detail to see how ITIL processes list mapped to these stages.  

General Management Practices

There are a total of 14 domains under this stage of ITIL V4 that have been preferred to use for service management of general management businesses. Many organizations opt for service strategy in order to figure out apt offer for the estimated target. Here, we have enlisted a brief explanation of all the domains under general management practices. 

• Strategy Management: During this practice, the IT services are analyzed to determine their market position. In this process, a strategic assessment, strategy generation, strategy implementation, and measurement and evaluation are all performed sequentially.   
• Service Portfolio Management: This practice is primarily concerned with the management of the available IT service portfolios. It ensures that the delivered services are in line with the objectives of the ITIL service strategy and the company’s objectives. Four sequential activities are involved in this process, which are: 
  • Service definition 
  • Service analysis 
  • Service approval, and 
  • Service charter. 
• Architecture Management: It is very important to have an understanding of the different elements that are required to make an organization and this practice helps in doing so. Architecture Management assists in attaining current and future objectives efficiently by providing tools and techniques to manage major changes in a structured way.    
• Service Financial Management: This practice majorly focuses on financial spending and service valuation on various services in a business including budgeting, accounting, charging activities, and many more. Accounting, budgeting, and charging for services are all part of this process, which helps the organization cover its expenses while also making a profit. 
• Workforce and Talent Management: Appointing the right people with the required ITIL skills and knowledge is a must for every organization to achieve company objectives. This practice helps businesses to recruit trained professionals for the correct roles as per their qualifications, experience, and expertise with thorough planning and onboarding process. 
• Continual Improvement: Business needs are dynamic, and it is significant for organizations to align their practices in accordance with service improvement, continual identification, and other related elements. Via this practice, companies can match up with the changing demand for products and services efficiently and effectively.  
• Measurement and Reporting: Owing to this practice, organizations can focus on continual improvement by reducing the possibilities of uncertain situations and good decision-making at the same time. However, it depends on the relevant data collection and appropriate assessment of the same in an adequate milieu. 
• Risk Management: This practice helps organizations to understand and handle risks timely without leaving any chances of facing losses in the aftermath. In order to ensure continual sustainability, it is very important to manage risks efficiently which will also create customer value. 
• Information Security Management: The goal of this process is to keep the system and its data, as well as the people who have access to them, safe. In this, activities like the detection and prevention of intrusions are also included. Security requirements, assessment and implementation of information assets, policy creation, and risks are all part of this process. 
• Knowledge Management: This process involves gathering and assembling useful knowledge that is further used in resolving the issues by technicians and customers. This process is made up of activities like defining knowledge management strategy, drafting knowledge, identifying and gathering data sources, editorial reviews, technical reviews, and lastly publishing. 
• Organizational Change Management: Time-to-time changes in any organization are necessary to maintain constant growth and stability in general. This practice ensures the smooth and successful application of required changes and achieving contemplated benefits out of the same. 
• Project Management: This practice assists organizations in the successful delivery of ongoing projects efficiently and effectively. Moreover, this can be achieved by proper planning, delegating apt resources, monitoring the process of projects' completion, and motivating the workforce throughout the stages. 
• Relationship Management: Management of customer relationships, understanding customer needs, and providing services to meet those needs are all part of this process. Request and complaint handling, managing business relationships, acquiring new customers, soliciting customer feedback, and identifying opportunities are the three important activities in this process. 
• Supplier Management: All supplier relationships are monitored by this process, which includes keeping track of whether or not the parties involved are adhering to their contracts and agreements. Supplier selection, evaluation, management of performance, and contract renewal/termination are the activities under this process.

• Service Transition

  A stage of the ITIL framework aims to bridge the gap between service design and business operations. It is characterized by thorough verification and validations, imparting training, and sharing knowledge/documentation to enable smooth operations and business continuity. The key processes include:

  • Service Asset and Configuration management
  • Release and Deployment Management
  • Knowledge and Change Management

• Service operation

  The stage of the ITIL framework by which value is ultimately delivered to the customer; is characterized by process definitions, creation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), user experience, and ensuring availability, performance, and security of services. Key processes included are:

  • Incident, Event, and Problem Management
  • Request Management

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Service Management Practices

A total of 17 domains have been added to manage under the Service Management Practices for ITSM industries in order to ensure the smooth flow of services for users and stakeholders. There are numerous services that must be monitored diligently within the organizations. Domains managed by this practice are enlisted below. 

1. Business Analysis: This process helps in analysing any type of business by evaluating its needs, requirements, and proposed solutions in case of uncertainties. It is important to confront the needs and business problems and solve them efficiently to create value for stakeholders and investing partners. 
2. Service Catalogue Management: This process primarily ensures that a current service catalogue is available with easy access to the services that customers require to remain productive. The important activities of this process are documenting service definition and description, producing and maintaining the service catalogue, and agreeing on service catalogue content. 
3. Service Design: This phase helps companies in determining their corporate mission and vision. This is a market-driven phase. Organizations use service strategy to figure out what services they should offer and who they should target. To achieve long-term growth and success, strategic decisions must be made when planning and delivering targeted services. 
4. Service Level Management: This stage entails planning for defining the overall organizational service delivery targets and then measuring their performance. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are used to help determine service level goals and allow for easier measurement and comparison of services against actual performance. This process is made up of four sequential activities, which are understanding requirements and drafting SLAs, negotiating the SLAs, defining and standardizing the SLAs, and monitoring and reporting service performance. 
5. Availability Management: This procedure ensures that the customer has access to the services they always need. The sequential activities of this process are: monitoring availability, analysing availability data, investigating service unavailability, availability planning, and testing availability. 
6. Capacity and Performance Management: This stage ensures to keep track of services that have been delivered successfully and expected performances required from allocated resources. Along with that, satisfying the current and future demands while saving costs at the same time. 
7. Service Continuity Management: It is important for businesses to ensure that the services they are offering are available at the time of need and expected performance during uncertainties. This practice helps in building a framework for an organization's stability in order to keep the interest of key stakeholders on point while maintaining its reputation and brand value. 
8. Monitoring and Event Management: Via this stage, organizations can observe the services that have been offered and prepare a report on the current identified state as an event. The report is made by recognizing business processes, services, infrastructure, and information security events, and giving proper responses to the same including potential faults. 
9. Service Desk: It acts as a gateway for recording incidents or service requests and connects to the apt service provider in order to resolve the issues on time. There should not be any other point of contact except the 'Service Desk' for a smooth process. 
10. Incident Management: In the event of a malfunctioning printer, a lost or forgotten password, or some other type of error message, this procedure immediately restores service. Identifying and classifying the incident, prioritizing, investigating and diagnosing, resolving, and concluding the investigation are all steps in this process. 
11. Service Request Management: This practice helps to support the communicated service quality by monitoring service requests that have been generated by the users on time and ensuring no such situation will be repeated in the future. 
12. Problem Management: A primary goal of this process is to identify and prevent future incidents and problems. Detection and logging of problems, categorization, investigation and diagnosis, and problem resolution and closure are the first four steps in this process. 
13. Release Management: Every organization comes up with changes in services or issues a new set of services from time to time. Through this practice, businesses can create a smooth flow of releasing the features and their availability for associated users. 
14. Change Enablement: This stage assists with increasing the successful IT changes while ensuring that the risks associated with them have been fully addressed and resolved, authorizing the changes to move ahead, and managing the schedule at the same time. 
15. Service Validation and Testing: This process helps to make informed decisions about service changes and continuation. There are five steps in this process: plan and design tests, verify test designs and plans, prepare test environments, perform tests, evaluate exit criteria, and clean test environments. 
16. Service Configuration Management: This practice enables the accuracy and reliability of the services' configuration and supporting configuration items (CIs) to be available whenever they are needed. This also includes data on how CIs have been configured and relationships amongst them. 
17. IT Asset Management: This phase helps organizations to manage all the IT assets' lifecycle including control costs, risk management, IT support decision-making about an apt purchase, re-use of available assets, retirement of old or non-working assets, and other contractual requirements.

18. Demand management

    An ITSM process that helps anticipate and brace for meeting customer demands on time and without any additional or unplanned costs. A part of service strategy, this is a critical process that assists businesses in: 

    • Creating a plan for the service offerings, 
    • Establishing the scope, 
    • Drafting the budget, and 
    • Creating a strategy for service delivery.
    • In short, demand management interfaces across multiple processes to manage the expectations of both customers as well as service providers.

Technical Management Practices

Technology Management Practice works upon 3 domains in order to shift the focus of organizations from tech solutions to IT services. Brief details of the domains are given below. 

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ITIL Processes for Progress

Conclusion

We hope that this article has given you an understanding of the ITIL processes and ITIL service lifecycle stages within each stage. Enroll in the KnowledgeHut ITIL 4 Foundation Certification Course, which is provided by KnowledgeHut, an AXELOS Certified Partner and a PeopleCert® Accredited Training Organization (ATO). This course will give you a thorough understanding of the core concepts and definitions of the ITIL 4 framework.