Asp.NET MVC Interview Questions and Answers for 2024 Programming

• Support for Multiple Views

Because the model and the view are separate, therefore, the user interface can present different views of the same information simultaneously. 

• Alter Accommodation

Because the model is independent of the views, introducing different types of views in that same system has no effect on the model. As a result, the extent of change is limited to the perspective. 

• Separation of Concerns (SoC)

One of the primary benefits of ASP.NET MVC is the segregation of concerns. The MVC framework allows for the clear distinction of the UI, Logic in business, a model, or data. 

• More Command

ASP.NET MVC gives greater control over HTML, JS, and CSS than standard Web Forms. 

• Testability

The ASP.NET MVC framework improves the testability of Web Applications and also provides significant support for test driven development. 

Because the lightweight ASP.NET MVC framework does not employ View State, the bandwidth of the requests is reduced to some extent. 

• ASP.NET features in their entirety

One of the primary benefits of utilizing ASP.NET MVC is that it is based on the ASP.NET framework, thus most of the ASP.NET features, such as membership providers, roles, and so on, may still be utilized. 

We recommend you read all the MVC interview questions before the interview day. 

Expect to come across this popular question in Asp.NET MVC interview questions. There are two basic execution phases in each web application: 

• Recognizing the desire 
• Providing an acceptable answer 

MVC application life cycle is divided into two parts: 

• The request object is being created. 
• Responding to the browser 

The four phases in constructing a request object are as follows: 

• Filling route  
• Fetching route 
• Asking context established 
• Creating controlling instance 

A user request is directed to the relevant controller and action function in ASP.NET MVC. However, there may be times when we wish to run some code before or after an action method. For this reason, ASP.NET MVC provides filters. 

ASP.NET MVC Filter class allows us to implement custom logic to run prior to or after any action function executes. Filters can be added declaratively or programmatically to an action method or controller. Declarative implies adding a filter property to something like an action method or controller class, whereas programmatic entails implementing an interface. 

MVC has a variety of filters. The table below lists the filter types, built-in filters, and interfaces that must be implemented in order to develop custom filters: 

• Authorization filters 
• Action filters 
• Result filters 
• Exception filters 

This function is necessary when we actively call render() prior to the finish of a specific operation. This method is invoked before rendering the view and following the controller action logic. It is not commonly used.

Once “TempData” has been read with in current request, it is no longer accessible in subsequent 

requests. If we require “TempData” to be read and also accessible in following requests, we must use the “Keep” method after reading, as seen in the code below: 

• @TempData[”MyData”];
• TempData.Keep(“MyData”);

Using ”Peek” is a faster technique to accomplish the same thing. This function aids in reading and 

also advises MVC to keep “TempData” for the next request. 

• string str = TempData.Peek(“Td”).ToString();

The Request. HttpMethod property may be used to determine if a controller call is a POST or a GET 

action, as illustrated in the code sample below: 

public ActionResult SomeAction(){
if (Request.HttpMethod == “POST”){
return View(“SomePage”);
}
else{
return View(“SomeOtherPage”);
}
}

BeforeFilter is called before every action in the controller (). It is now time to check permissions or seek for an active session. Simultaneously, afterFilter() is called after each rendering and controller action. This is the last controller method to be called.

A route is indeed a URL pattern associated with a handler. An actual file, such as an.aspx file in something like a Web Forms application, can be used as the handler. In an MVC application, a handler can also be a class that handles the request, such as a controller. To define a route, build an instance of said Route class and give the URL pattern, handler, and preferably a route name. 

Then add this route to an application via adding this Route object to the RouteTable class's static Routes field. The Routes property is just a RouteCollection object that holds all of the application's routes. 

Default Route 

The default ASP.NET MVC application templates provide a generic route that breaks the URL for the given request into three named parts using the following URL convention. 

"controller/action/id" is the URL. 

Each route pattern has been registered by calling the RouteCollection extension function MapRoute(). 

The conventional routing is complicated in order to handle specific URI patterns seen in RESTful APIs. However, by utilizing attribute routing, we can simply construct these URI patterns. 

For example, child resources are frequently found in resources such as Clients have orders, songs have lyrics, Books have writers, and so on. It becomes sense to build URIs that represent these relationships, such as: /clients/1/orders. 

Using convention-based routing, it is challenging to generate this form of URI. Although it is possible, the results do not scale well when there are numerous controllers or resource kinds. 

It is rather simple to construct a route for this URI using attribute routing. Simply by adding the following attribute to that same controller action: 

 [Route("clients/{clientId}/orders")]  
public IEnumerable GetOrdersByClient(int clientId)  
{  
//TO DO  
} 

RouteCollection is a collection of routes that have been registered in the application. The collection routes are saved using the RegisterRoutes function. If the request meets the pattern, the route and handler describe the URL pattern. The first parameter to the MapRoute is the name of the route; the second is the pattern with which the URL matches; and the third is default values for the placeholders.

ViewResult is a subclass of AbstractResult, while ActionResult is also a subclass of AbstractResult. When generating different sorts of views dynamically, ActionResult is useful. FileStreamResult, ViewResult, and JsonResult are ActionResult derived classes.

To avoid the default behaviour of a controller's public method from just being interpreted as an action method, we give the NonActionattribute to the public method.

The partial view in MVC presents a fraction of the view content. This aids in the reduction of code supplication. To put it simply, the partial view allows us to render a view within the parent view.

MVC Scaffolding is an ASP.NET web app code generation toolkit. When we need to quickly add code which thus communicates with data activities in our project, we utilize scaffolding. Entity page templates, filter page templates, and field page templates are all included. These are known as scaffold templates because they allow us to quickly develop a working data-driven website.

Object-relational mapping frameworks allow a reduction the amount of handwritten code in a web program. When there are no severe performance requirements, ORM is employed, although frameworks such as Dapper can be employed in high-load systems.

It's no surprise that this one pops up often in Asp.NET MVC developer interview questions. The POST action type sends data to a specified resource for processing. All POST requests include the required URL and data. It can handle overloads. 

The GET action type seeks information from a specific resource. All GET queries to include the mandatory URLs. It can handle overloads. 

It is not recommended to place log files within bin folder since any changes will trigger the pool to restart. This can lead to difficulties that are difficult to trace down.

Validation may be implemented in the MVC application using validators declared in the System. 

ComponentModel. 

The namespace DataAnnotations. DataType, Required, Range, and StringLength are the various validators. 

The MVC template is used without Areas in the following folders: 

• Controllers- the application controllers' default folder 
• wwwroot- an accessible public folder on a website that contains static file subfolders. 
• Views- a folder comprising a folder for each controller and a shared folder for views used by multiple controllers or numerous views. 

WebAPI is a technology that allows us to expose data via HTTP while adhering to REST standards. This solution was recommended to meet the needs of a wide range of customers who need to consume data from JavaScript, mobile phone, Windows, and other sources.

The advantages include external management of each object's life, future contract implementation changes, changes to the dependency list that do not affect an object utilizing the service, and distribution of an instance by numerous unrelated clients.

When routing is deactivated for a URL pattern and a physical file containing the URL pattern is located, we don't really require routing.

Because the requests need not hang around long, the lifetime must be the same. It may be feasible to conform with ACID principles if the entire request can be wrapped in a single transaction.

Authentication refers to granting users access to a certain service based on identity verification via login and password. It ensures that the proper person is signed up for a certain service, ensuring that the user receives exceptional service according to their position.

The idea of "view engines" - pluggable modules which implement alternative template syntax choices - has always been supported by ASP.NET MVC. ASP.NET MVC's "default" view engine uses the same.aspx/.ascx/. master file templates as ASP.NET Web Forms. Spart&Nhaml are two more prominent ASP.NET MVC view engines. Razor is a new view engine in MVC 3. 

Explain Razor in detail. 

• Compact and Powerful

Razor lowers the count of characters and keystrokes needed in a file, allowing for a faster development workflow. Unlike other template syntaxes, we are not required to stop coding to explicitly identify server blocks in the HTML. The parser is intelligent enough to deduce this one from our code. This allows for a very compact but expressive syntax that is tidy, quick, and enjoyable to type. 

• Simple to Understand

Razor is simple to learn and allows us to become productive immediately with minimal effort. We can make use of all of our present linguistic and HTML talents. 

Razor does not require any special tools and allows us to be productive in just about any text editor. 

• Has Excellent IntelliSense

Views will also be accessible to be unit tested thanks to the new view engine technology. 

We may override the controller's 'OnException' event and assign the outcome to the view name that needs to be executed whenever an error appears. Example: 

public ActionResult Index()
{
int l = 1;
int m = 0;
int n = 0;
m = l / m; //it would cause exception.
return View();
}
 protected override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
{
string action = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString();
Exception e = filterContext.Exception;
filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
filterContext.Result = new VR()
{
ViewName = "err"
};
}

HTML helpers are methods that return an HTML string. There are just a few useful built-in aids. We can design our own assistance to match our own requirements. They are similar to web forms controls in that they both return HTML. HTML aids, on the other hand, are lightweight. 

ASP.NET MVC framework includes the below set of standard HTML Helpers: 

1. Html.ActionLink() 
2. Html.CheckBox() 
3. Html.Hidden() 
4. Html.Password() 
5. Html.TextArea() 
6. Html.TextBox() 
7. Html.BeginForm() 
8. Html.DropDownList() 
9. Html.ListBox() 
10. Html.RadioButton() 

The database first strategy towards the Entity Data model is an alternative option to the Model First and Code First methodologies. This aids in the creation of a model class as well as dB Context, classes, and attributes that allow a connection to be established between the controller and the database.

This function generates an HTML string from the supplied partial view. It is not dependent on any technique of action. It is used as follows:  

public JsonResult sample() 
{ 
string send = "hello"; 
return Json(send, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); 
} 

ASP.net MVC interview questions always consist of a little bit or more than expected coding so be prepared. 

The Area in MVC aids in the integration of other areas created by other applications, aids in the organization of views, controllers, and models into various functional groups, and is appropriate for unit testing.

We really have to retrieve data through requests in action methods so that the data may be used. Model binding in MVC translates data from HTTP requests to action method arguments. This repetitious activity of getting data via HTTPRequest is eliminated from the action function.

There are two techniques for adding limitations to a route. 

1. Make use of regular expressions. 
2. Use an object that conforms to the IRouteConstraint Interface.

One of the most frequently posed practical interview questions on Asp.NET MVC, be ready for it.

• MVC divides our project into distinct segments, making it easier for developers to work on. It is simple to alter or change specific parts of the project, resulting in lower development and maintenance costs. 
• MVC helps to make our project more organized. 
• It distinguishes between the terms business logic and presentation logic. 
• Each MVC object is responsible for something distinct. 
• Parallel development is taking place. 
• Simple to handle and maintain 
• All classes and objects are distinct from one another. 

• beforeFilter(): This function is called before each action inside the controller. It is the appropriate location to verify for either an active session or to investigate user permissions. 
• beforeRender(): Called after the controller action logic but prior to the view is rendered. This function is rarely used, however it may be necessary if we use render() manually before any of the conclusion of a specific activity. 
• afterFilter() is called after each controller operation and then after rendering is complete. It is the final controller method to be executed. 

Presentation, Abstraction, and Control play the following roles in MVC: 

• Presentation: It refers to the application's user interface of a given concept. 
• Abstraction: It is the application's business domain functionality. 
• Control: A component that maintains coherence between the abstraction inside the system and its presentation to the user, as well as connecting with other controls within the system. 

Here are some significant disadvantages of the MVC model: 

1. The model pattern is rather complicated. 
2. In view is the inefficiency of data access. 
3. MVC is tough to utilize with a contemporary user interface. 
4. Parallel development necessitates the use of numerous programmers. 
5. Knowledge of many technologies is essential. 
6. "ActionFilters" in MVC allow us to perform logic while an MVC action is being run. 

The following are the stages for carrying out an MVC project: 

• Receive the initial application request 
• Carry out the route 
• Make an MVC request handler. 
• Controller Creation Controller Execution Controller 
• Initiate action 
• Result Execution 

MVC has the following characteristics: 

• Testability is simple and painless. Framework that is highly tested, extendable, and pluggable. 
• Gives us complete control over the HTML and URLs. 
• Utilizes current functionalities given by ASP.NET, JSP, Django, and others. 
• Model, View, and Controller have distinct logic separations. Application tasks are separated using business logic, Ul logic, and input logic. 
• Routing URLs for SEO-Friendly URLs. Strong URL mapping for understandable and searchable URLs. 
• Test Driven Development is encouraged (TDD). 

Assume we are going to a restaurant and not going to the kitchen to cook meals, which we can certainly do at home. Instead, we simply visit the location and wait for the waitress to arrive. 

Now the waiter approaches us and we simply order the dish. The server has no idea who we are or what we want; he has just actually written the specifics of the meal order. 

The waiter then proceeds to the kitchen. The server doesn't really prepare our dish in the kitchen. 

The food is prepared by the cook. Our order is then presented to the waiter, along with reference to the table. 

The cook will next prepare dinner for us. He cooks the dinner with ingredients bread, tomato, potato, capsicum, cabbage, onion, slice of cheese, and other items from the refrigerator. 

Finally, the cook gives over the dish to the waiter. It is now the waiter's responsibility to transport this meal outside of the kitchen. 

Now, the server knows what we requested and the way it will be presented. 

In this instance; 

• View= Us 
• Waiter= Controller 
• Cook= Model 
• Refrigerator= Data 

Note: Dot net MVC interview questions in this article are taken from the recent interviewees. 

The primary goal of utilising Output Caching is to significantly increase the speed of an ASP.NET MVC application. It allows us to cache all content returned through any controller method, eliminating the need to produce the same content each time the very same controller function is executed. Output caching provides several advantages, such as reducing server round trips, database server round trips, network traffic, and so on. 

We should remember the following: 

• Avoid caching content that is unique to each user. 
• Avoid caching content that is infrequently visited. 
• Use caching for frequently visited information. 

Because my MVC application shows a collection of database records mostly on view page, the programme loops via the entire process and conducts the database query whenever the user hits the controller function to see records. And this might have a negative impact on application performance. As a result, we can take use of "Output Caching," which prevents database queries from being executed each time the user runs the controller function. Instead of running the controller method and performing unnecessary effort, the view page is obtained from the cache. 

Locations of Cached Content 

The view page is obtained from the cache in Output Caching but there is no assurance that material would be cached for the duration specified. When memory resources are depleted, the cache begins evicting the material automatically. 

The "Location" attribute of OutputCache label is entirely configurable. Its default option is "Any," despite the fact that the following places accessible; for the time being, we can utilise any of them: 

1. Any
2. Client\s3. Downstream
3. Server\s
4. None
5. ServerAndClient

The output cache is saved on the server in which the request is processed when "Any" is used. The suggested store cache is always kept extremely carefully on the server.  

Bundling and minification are 2 additional approaches that have been implemented to reduce request load time. It improves load time by minimizing the number of server requests and the quantity of requested assets (such as CSS and JavaScript). 

• Bundling

It enables us to merge many JavaScript (.js) or cascading style sheet (.css) files so that they may be downloaded as a unit rather than as individual HTTP requests. 

• Minification

It removes whitespace and uses other compression methods to make downloaded files as short as feasible. At runtime, the procedure recognises the user agent, such as IE, Mozilla, and so on, and then eliminates any Mozilla-specific code when the user requests from IE. 

The Dependency Resolver has been added again in ASP.Net MVC3, substantially simplifying the use of dependency injection throughout our applications. This makes it easier and more beneficial to decouple application components, making them simpler to test and more customizable. 

Routing assists us in deciding a URL structure and mapping the URL to the Controller. 

The three most essential route segments are: 

ControllerNames, ActionMethodNames, Parameter 

We may navigate by utilizing the ActionLink technique. The code below will generate a basic URL that will be used to travel to the "Home" controller and call the Gotohome action. 

<%= Html.ActionLink("Home","Gotohome") %> 

Here are some key aspects to keep in mind while developing an MVC application: 

• It is important to note that ASP.Net MVC is not a substitute for .net web forms-based applications. 
• MVC app development method must be determined according to the application objectives and features supplied by ASP.net MVC to meet the unique development demands. 
• When compared to online forms-based apps, the application development process using ASP.NET MVC is more difficult. 
• The separation of different applications usually improves application maintainability. 

What was the rationale for introducing WebAPI technology? 

Previously, HTTP was utilized as a protocol for all sorts of clients. However, customer diversity expanded and changed over time. The usage of JavaScript, Windows apps, and even mobile devices necessitated significant HTTP consumption. As a consequence, the REST methodology was proposed. WebAPI technology used REST concepts to expose data through HTTP. 

The primary Razor Syntax Rules are as follows: 

• The code phrase should be followed by a semicolon. 
• Inline expressions including variables and functions must begin with @. 
• The Razor container or wrapper must be wrapped by @(...) 
• Variables must be specified using the var keyword. 
• The strings must be surrounded by quote marks. 

We may utilize nine different return types to return results from the controller to view: 

All of these result kinds have the same base type: ActionResult. 

ViewResult (View) (View) 

This return type is used when an action method returns a website. 

PartialviewResult (Partialview) (Partialview) 

This return type is used to convey a section of a view to be rendered in another view. 

RedirectResult (Redirect) (Redirect) 

Depending on the URL, this return type is employed to reroute to any other controller and action method. 

RedirectToRouteResult (RedirectToAction, RedirectToRoute) (RedirectToAction, RedirectToRoute) 

When we wish to redirect to another action method, we utilise this return type. 

ContentResult (Content) (Content) 

As a result of the action, this return type is applied to return HTTP content types such as text/plain. 

jsonResult (json) (json) 

When we wish to return a JSON message, we utilise this return type. 

javascriptResult (javascript) (javascript) 

This return type is employed to return JavaScript code that may be executed in a browser. 

FileResult (File) (File) 

In response, this return type serves to deliver binary data. 

EmptyResult 

This return type serves to return nothing in the result (void). 

We must employ a distributed cache, such as Redis, in the project. Microsoft also supplies numerous products to assist with this. Microsoft in the case of Redis. Extensions. Catching Redis offers the gateway and uses IDistributedCache to give a standardized interface.

• wwwroot: The publicly accessible root folder of a website, which comprises subfolders for static content (CSS, images, JS, etc.). 
• Controllers: A standard location for application controllers. 
• Views: There is a folder for each controller in the folder, as well as an unique folder shared by many views/controllers. For example, when we create a controller named HomeController, we will create a Home subdirectory here that contains all of the views associated with HomeController. 

This question is an Asp.NET MVC tough interview questionss, be ready to tackle it. The MVC paradigm specifies three logic levels for web applications: 

• The business layer (or Model logic) 
• The display layer (or View logic) 
• The input control (or Controller logic) 

The Model is a component of the application that exclusively handles application data logic. Model objects often retrieve (and save) data from a database. The View is the component of the program that handles data presentation. Views are often built using model data, while there are other, more involved techniques of building views. As the name indicates, the Controller is the component of the program that manages user interaction.  

Understanding the folders is the answer. 

When we start a project, a folder structure is established by default beneath the project name, which can be viewed in the solution explorer. I will explain what these folders are for in more detail below: 

• Model 

This section provides classes for supplying data. These classes may include data retrieved from the database or data entered by the user into the form to update the database. 

• Controllers 

These are the classes that will carry out the action that the user has requested. These classes have "Actions" methods that respond to user actions appropriately. 

• Views 

These are basic pages that populate the HTML controls with model class data and deliver them to the client browser. 

• App Start 

FilterConfig, RoutesConfig, and WebApiConfig are examples of classes. For the time being, we must comprehend the RouteConfig class. This class includes the default URL format that should be used in the browser to navigate to a certain page. 

MVC has the following characteristics: 

• Testability is simple and painless. Framework that is highly tested, extendable, and pluggable. 
• Gives us complete control over both HTML and URLs. 
• Utilizes current functionalities given by ASP.NET, JSP, Django, and others. 
• Model, View, and Controller have distinct logic separations while the Application tasks have been separated into business, Ul, and input logics. 
• Routing URLs for SEO-Friendly URLs. Strong URL mapping for understandable and searchable URLs. 
• Test Driven Development is encouraged (TDD).

We may assign an equivalent or alias name to a Web API action, much like in ASP.NET MVC, by using the "ActionName" element, as seen below: 

[HttpPost] 
[ActionName("SaveStudInfo")] 
public void UpdateStud (Stud aStud) 
{ 
StudRepository.AddStud (aStud); 
} 

There are three ways for data to be sent between controllers and views in ASP.NET MVC. 

ViewData 

• Data is sent from the controller to the view via ViewData. 
• It is descended from the class ViewDataDictionary. 
• It is just accessible for this particular request.  
• It even requires typecasting for complicated data types, and to prevent errors, it checks for null values. 
• If redirection happens, its value is changed to null. 

ViewBag 

• Data from the controller is also sent to the appropriate view using ViewBag. 
• A dynamic property in C# 4.0 and our MVC interview questions c#, called ViewBag makes use of the new dynamic capabilities. 
• Additionally, it is accessible just for the present request. 
• If redirection happens, its value is changed to null. 
• For the complicated data type, typecasting is not necessary. 

TempData 

• TempData is descended from the class TempDataDictionary. 
• Data as from current request is sent to the following request using TempData. 
• It stores the data for the duration of an HTTP request. This solely refers to turning pages. When switching through one controller to another or from one operation to another, it helps to keep the data. 
• For complicated data types, typecasting is necessary, and to prevent errors, it checks for null values. It is often used to save just one-time messages, such as error and validation messages.

Scaffold templates are used to build code for simple CRUD activities on our database in any of the ASP.NET MVC applications using Entity Framework. 

Microsoft offers a powerful scaffolding engine driven by T4 templates that simplifies the creation of basic CRUD (create, read, update, delete) controllers and views supporting models in ASP.NET MVC applications using the Entity Framework. (At the moment, WebAPI and MVC without Entity Framework scaffolders are also available) 

Modern platform ASP.NET Core supports a number of methodologies. The user must employ certain distributed cache types, like Redis. Additionally, Microsoft provides a number of programmes to help us with this. Microsoft's Redis implementation. Extensions. Caching. Redis provides the middleware and makes use of IDistributedCache to provide a common way to work with it.

Leveraging ASP.NET Web API provides a lot of benefits, the most important of which are: 

• For all CRUD activities, it uses normal HTTP verbs like as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and so forth. 
• Complete routing support 
• Using MediaTypeFormatter, a response in JSON or XML format is created. 
• It may be deployed in IIS in addition to being self-hosted outside of IIS Supports Validation and model binding 
• OData support is available.

ASP.NET Core is a cross-platform web framework that has been created with the.NET Core architecture. It is not a replacement for the existing ASP.NET framework. The ASP.NET framework has been completely rewritten. It is compatible with both.NET Core and.NET Framework. 

ASP.NET Core's main characteristics are as follows: 

• DI Container is a basic and built-in container. It may be expanded with other common DI containers. 
• Structured logging is built-in and extendable. We may route output to as many different sources as we desire (file, Azure, including AWS, console) 
• Strongly typed configuration that is extensible and can be reloaded at run-time. 
• Kestrel is a new, cross-platform, and extremely fast web server that can run independently of IIS, Nginx, or Apache. 

This async pipeline, is easily configured via middleware ASP.NET where all meta packages improving development speed, enables us to refer all Microsoft packages for Core language and it deploys only those packages that are used in our code web.config is absent in it. We use appsettings.json file combined with other sources of command line args, environment variables, etc. 

The Global._asax is also not present– we get _Startup.cs which is needed to set up the Middleware and services for a DI Container. The best and toughest ASP.net MVC interview questions and answers asked till date are covered here. 

Yes, we can use many controllers to share a view. The view may be placed in shared folder. The layout element will be placed to the shared folder when we start a new MVC project since it is utilized by several child pages.  

There are 12 different sorts of outcomes in MVC. The 11 kinds are their sub-types, with the "ActionResult" class serving as their primary class. When we study MVC step-by-step, these sorts are covered as well. The list of such sub-types is as follows: 

• ViewResult  
• EmptyResult  
• FileStreamResult  
• FilePathResult  
• PartialViewResult  
• RedirectResult  
• JsonResult  
• RedirectToRouteResult  
• JavaScriptResult 
• FileContentResult  
• ContentResult 

To handle specific URI patterns that seem to be common in RESTful APIs, convention-based routing is complicated. However, these URI patterns are quite simple to build when employing attribute routing. 

For instance, resources frequently include children's resources, such as those that customers have ordered, movies with actors, books with writers, etc. It seems sense to build URIs like /clients/1/orders that represent these relationships. 

Convention-based routing makes it harder to establish this kind of URI. Although it is possible, if we have a lot of controllers or resource kinds, the results don't scale well. It is rather simple to construct a route for any URI using attribute routing. To the controller action, we only add the following attribute: 

[Route("clients/{clientId}/orders")] public IEnumerable GetOrdersByClient(int clientId)  

The bundling and minification methods available in the Microsoft.Web.Optimization dll are provided by the optimization class. We may utilize this method with ASP.NET MVC3 and ASP.NET 4.0 by using this dll. 

An HTML Helper is nothing more than a method which returns an HTML string. The string may stand in for whatever kind of material we like. HTML Helpers can be used to display standard HTML tags, for example. We may even create our own HTML Helpers to generate more complex information, such as a navigation bar or any HTML table for displaying database data. 

Razor view pages are created by converting HTML controls using a class named Html Helper. 

When a user submits a webform while interacting with the form components, the helper binds model object to that same HTML controls to display the value of the corresponding model properties into those controls as well as assign the value of the controls to the model properties. It is generally advised to utilize HTML Helpers classes in the razor view rather than manually creating all of the HTML tags. 

We may display HTML links and plain URLs with url helpers. The output of these helpers depends on how ASP.NET MVC application is configured for routing. 

Data validation is a crucial step in developing a web application. We can simply add validation to the web application in Asp.net MVC by adding Data Annotation (attribute classes) to the model class. The Program. ComponentModel. Entity framework ORM models, Asp.net projects such as web apps and websites, Asp.net MVC, and Web forms, as well as DataAnnotations namespace have Data Annotation attribute classes that are accessible. Using data annotations, we may define rules for model classes or characteristics, enabling us to evaluate the data and display necessary messages to end users.

Errors are included in the ModelState when server-side validation fails. Therefore, we can check the model state using the ModelState.IsValid property. If there is no mistake in the ModelState, it returns true; otherwise, it returns false. 

[HttpPost] public ActionResult DoSomething(UserViewModel model) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { //TODO: } return View(); } 

To apply data model validations to the client side using a mix of jQuery Validation and HTML 5 data attributes, Microsoft released the jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js plugin with ASP.NET MVC3.